SWISS STONE PINE (PINUS CEMBRA L.) FORESTS IN THE UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS: CHALLENGES FOR CONSERVATION AND REGENERATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36930/Keywords:
Carpathians, interrelation, natural regeneration, Norway spruce, Swiss stone pine, unevenaged stands.Abstract
In the upper elevations of the Ukrainian Carpathians, Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) exibits high coenotic stability on relatively poor edaphic forest sites, so called «B»or subir edatopes (see Appendix A) as well as on sites that transition to the relatively rich edaphic forest sites, so called «C» or suhrud edatopes. On these forest sites, mixed stands of Swiss stone pine and Norway spruce (Picea alba) are characterised by considerable stratification of the stand structure. Gaps in the canopy occur relatively frequently and crown closure is usually no more than 0,25 of the optimal stocking level. This intermittent crown closure contributes to the regeneration and survival of the Swiss stone pine seedlings and advanced regeneration.
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